E-Bangladesh

[Sky News: Born into political life and ascending the ranks to become the country's first female prime minister, Benazir Bhutto was well-versed in the fraught tensions of life in Pakistan. Ian Woods reviews her life lost attempting to change the country she loved.]

[Rezwan, Germany.]

There is something wrong in the way General Pervez Musharraf runs Pakistan. On December 27, Benazir Bhutto is assassinated in Rawalpindi, the garrison town of Pakistan. Ironically she is assassinated at the same place in Rawalpindi where the first prime minister of Pakistan Liaquat Ali Khan was killed and her father was hanged. Her death puts Pakistan’s political future in turmoil and the country, observers say, may plunge into a civil war.

An eye-witness from Pakistan describes the chaos in Pakistan now. People have come out on the streets, and they are burning tyres, public properties and vehicles. Police is nowhere to be seen. People are angry, and in all the major cities — Karachi, Lahore, Peshawar, Multan, Rawalpindi, Quetta — severe riots have broken out. People are showing their anger against the scourge of terrorism. According to the recent reports. At least five people have been killed and thousands injured. Bhutto’s supporters at the hospital began chanting “Dog, Musharraf, dog…” Some of them smashed the glass door at the main entrance of the emergency unit, others burst into tears, eye-witness accounts describe.

A party security adviser says Bhutto was shot in the neck and chest then the gunman blew himself up. She was waving to the rally standing in her SUV and protruding her head from the open sun-roof. Conflicting reports on assassination: Bhutto’s supporters say snipers shot her followed by suicide bomber. Government official says it was a suicide attack.

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[Update] Statement from the French Embassy in Dhaka:

On the 22nd December, between 3.30 am and 7 am, a crate containing two small statues belonging to the National Museum was stolen from the service area of Zia International Airport hours before being loaded on a flight. This crate was part of the second consignment of masterpieces from five museums of Bangladesh for the exhibition at the Guimet Museum in Paris that, thanks to the decisive action of the Government, had been cleared for temporary export by the Supreme Court on the 18th of December.

Loose procedures geared towards garment exports have led to such valuable crates being left unattended on the tarmac of the airport in an area where neither the lending nor the borrowing institutions have any control.

Although the inquiries are ongoing and the possibility of a mere theft by petty criminals cannot be discounted, France feels the disappearance of this crate is highly suspicious and could also be the result of a conspiracy by a very small nexus of persons to embarrass France and Bangladesh. Indeed, if the consignment had left on time, and without the very professional attitude of the Bangladeshi courier, the disappearance would have been noted only in Paris, with the corresponding accusations been directed against the French Republic by a small but vocal group of persons.

France condemns such acts in the strongest term: this mutually beneficial exhibition is the result of a long standing cooperation, it is routine, transparent, approved all heartedly by the Government, endorsed by a very large majority of the leading citizens of this country and has been twice cleared by the Supreme Court. It is time for the few opponents to this event to recognize they are a tiny minority and act accordingly. The French Embassy will continue to answer any questions regarding this exhibition.

We have seen an impressive mobilization of the Government’s forces in the last 24 hours, and we have no doubt that fast and decisive action will lead to efficient measures to find the criminals and bring them to justice so that the actions of a very few do not penalize the many.

[Photo Courtesy: Black and Grey.]

[Rezwan, Germany.]

From January 2008 the Musée Guimet of France is holding an exhibition of the masterpieces of Ganges from the collections of the Bangladesh museums for the first time outside of Bangladesh. From the museum catalogue:

“Bangladesh possesses an immensely important cultural heritage, this arising from the fact that the eastern half of Bengal has been one of the cultural richest regions of the Indian world; a vision far from the catastrophic one that the western world often tends to favour. The region is associated with the art of the Pala and Sena dynasties (8th – 13th century)….and goes back to the Maurya and Sunga periods (3rd – 1st century BC)….Bangladesh also harbours the oldest Buddhist monastery of the Indian world, Paharpur, which has now been listed on the UNESCO’s list of protected monuments.”

Black and Grey blog has more on the backgrounds of the archeological artifacts in question. (Images courtesy: Black and Grey)

This exhibition was scheduled to start from October, 2007 but was delayed due to a lot of drama. Bonbibi at Unheard Voices reported on the first of October, 2007:

“The conditional has crept in because the High Court has issued a two-month stay order on the travel of the 189 art pieces following a writ petition by a group of Bangladeshis. They raised concern over the legality of the contract and filed a public litigation case in the High Court that ordered to stop sending the exhibits. The litigants feared that the precious items to be sent to the Paris museum might not be returned to Bangladesh (‘The New Nation’ 27th Sept 2007).”

Unheard Voices later reported of an unholy alliance that stopped the archeological artifacts from sending:

“…a (second) case was filed before the District Court, again by ‘art lovers’ including former DGs of Archaeology etc. Interestingly, the case was filed (according to newspaper report) against the French Ambassador and others. The Court issued a show cause order, but did not stop the artifacts from going.

At this point, with no more puppets to join the dance, the DGFI’s (Military Intelligence) fist finally came out from beneath the glove. It directly intervened at the airport to stop the artifacts from going on the ground that an ‘inquiry’ is to be held.”

Unheard Voices blog also posted the protests in detail which raised concerns over the security of the artifacts during shipping and the financial discrepancies (The total value of insurance is Euro 400,000 whereas only a major artifact is said to be worth more than Euro 800,000).

The Bangladeshi Blogosphere was divided right from the start on the issue. Rumi of In The Middle Of No Where answered the allegations of the skeptics with a question and answer style and commented if a solution is reached sooner than later then:

“The Exhibition will go ahead. And thousands of people will be able to learn about Bangladeshi art architecture and our heritage and to understand the depth and diversity of our culture – in a contrast to the negative images portrayed through the news every day.”
 

On 1st of December 2007 the first assignment of the archeological artifacts was flown out of Bangladesh to France rather controversially – in the middle of the night in suspicious crates under police guards evading protesters and journalists. In order to camouflage the mission, the authorities utilised vehicles bearing ‘Save The Children Cyclone’ and ‘USAID Sidr Emergency Relief’ signs.

Renowned photo journalist Shahidul Alam did an excellent piece of investigative citizen journalism. In this post he reports with photos portraying the first consignment being sent to France. He also points to the fact that the Musée Guimet in Paris incidentally had been alleged to hold previous stolen artifacts from Bangladesh and there are similar allegations that stolen objects from China and the rest of Asia are held by the Guimet.

He recently visited the Musée Guimet in Paris but had been denied access to both the director of Guimet Jean-Francois Jarriage and the curator of the show Vincent Lefevre, for the answers to his questions.

Unheard Voices Blog has a brilliant post called “Tintin in Bengal or Musée Guimet controversy” detailing the whole episode with a lots of links to other blogs, pro-contra views, protests, collected media reports, explanations from the French embassy and the organizers and a lot of debate on this issue.

Shahidul Alam also tried to find the missing piece of the jigsaw:

“Guimet is a respected museum, and there has been natural interest in a show that should be very special. Why then such resistance from art lovers of Bangladesh? Surely art is to be appreciated?

Why on the other hand, the secrecy? The organisers should be taking credit for arranging such an event and not trying to sneak away under police protection. If there is nothing to cover up, why the covert operation?

The emotions are high. I’ve seen people weeping because something very special to them has been taken away. I have seen people angry because they feel violated. I have seen people frustrated, because they feel helpless against the power of the establishment.”

And at last the inevitable had happened. Unheard Voices Blog reports:

“At approximately 2 am on Dec 22, one of the 13 crates in the 2nd shipment of artifacts to Musée Guimet in Paris vanished from the tarmac of ZIA International Airport, Dhaka.

Crate 5 contained Statue of Visnu (terracota, black) & Bust of (Hindu Lord) Visnu. High resale value on international underground art market as they are unique pieces.”

Shahidul Alam, who reported about the protests to stop the second shipment is furious:

Their fear of items being stolen, or not being returned, was considered preposterous. News of the missing crate, and the priceless statues it contained, had been suppressed, but the information leaked out. Could the guarantors please explain?

Please stay tuned for the next episode of this thriller.

[Robin Milford, Bangladesh.]

My memories of December 16 go back to 1990. It was the time when HM Ershad had just stepped down and the first caretaker government, led by Justice Shahbuddin Ahmed, was in charge. The people of Bangladesh were beaming with new hopes, the hope for a democracy, the hope for a society devoid of any injustice and inequality forever, the same hopes that drove our liberation struggle but were not realized after we earned our freedom. The level of optimism was simply stupendous, enough to stir the minds of millions of school going children like myself.

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[Mashuqur Rahman, USA.]

[Hat tip to Robin Khundkar.]

Recently I wrote about Sarmila Bose’s apologia for the Pakistan army that was published last September in Economic and Political Weekly. In this week’s issue of EPW, two critical comments were published that take to task Ms. Bose’s “research.” The first comment is from Akhtaruzzaman Mandal, a freedom fighter whose first-person account of finding Bengali rape victims being held by Pakistani soldiers was disputed by Ms. Bose. The second comment is from Nayanika Mookherjee, lecturer in the Department of Sociology at Lancaster University. Ms. Bose had cited one of Dr. Mookherjee’s articles to try to cast doubt on the rapes committed by the Pakistan army in their campaign of genocide in 1971.

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[Front page: Amader Shomoy, December 17.]

[Tasneem Khalil, Sweden.]

As if one Pervez Musharraf is not enough. If things go as planned, the world is now set to watch another general taking over a presidential palace in South Asia, sometime in 2008. Religiously following the blueprint by his Pakistani mentor, the Bangladeshi army chief, General Moeen U Ahmed, also plans to edit the country’s constitution in order to establish total military control over the parliament and the government. And this piece of information is not from the nightmare I had last night that largely dealt with an editor who drank fifteen liters of laxative. My source, as a matter of fact, can be best described with the phrase “horse’s mouth” or the very next thing to it: mouthpiece of the military, staunchly pro-government, Bengali daily Amader Shomoy, itself.

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